Welcome to your new edition of The Human Express

In this issue we provide you with more information about our products and their benefits to you. We discuss the importance of human-specific glycosylation in human interferons and provide further evidence of the superiority of human cell expressed proteins in stem cell research.

We are also really pleased to announce a new agreement to supply Millipore in the US with human cell expressed human LIF (LIF hcx™) for resale in worldwide markets.

IN THIS ISSUE

>> Human interferons
>> Stem cell research
>> Millipore agreement
>> New Proteins
>> Conference Schedule

Human-specific glycosylation of human interferons

Apollo Cytokine Research's goal has been to supply recombinant human proteins with human-specific glycosylation and optimal bioactivity and stability. Apollo produces human cell expressed (hcx™) IFN-alpha 2b and IFN-gamma cytokines as well as the IFN-gamma receptor 1 extracellular domain fused to the Fc region of human IgG1.

Apollo's recombinant hcx™ proteins are unique in being produced from human cells and containing human-specific post-translation modifications including glycosylation, which make them more similar to naturally occurring IFN proteins than E.coli or CHO expressed recombinant human IFNs.

IFNs are known to be a family of pleiotropic cytokines with antiproliferative, antitumour, and immunomodulatory properties. Current clinical uses of IFNs include treatment of viral infections, cancers and autoimmune diseases. IFNs occur naturally as glycoproteins, and glycosylation of IFN-beta has been associated with 10-fold higher antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activity.

Full article >>

USEFUL LINKS

>> Resource Center
>> Why use hcx™ proteins?
>> FAQs
>> Contact Us

PRODUCTS

>> View Proteins
>> View ELISA kits

Apollo's ^TM Proteins

Activin RIA - Fc Chimera
Adiponectin
Amphiregulin
BAFF
BAFF R - Fc Chimera
beta-NGF
CCL2/MCP-1
CCL3/MIP-1 alpha
CCL4/MIP-1 beta
c-kit
c-kit - Fc Chimera
CD33 - Fc Chimera
CD40 (167aa) - Fc Chimera
CD40 (173aa) - Fc Chimera
CD209L - Fc Chimera
CRC-beta - Fc Chimera
Cripto-1 - Fc Chimera
DCSIGNR - Fc Chimera
EGF R - Fc Chimera
EPO
EPO R Fc - Chimera
FGF basic / FGF-2
FGF R1 alpha (IIIc) - Fc Chimera
FGF R4 - Fc Chimera
Flt-3 - Fc Chimera
Flt-3 Ligand
G-CSF
G-CSF R - Fc Chimera
GM-CSF
GM-CSF R - Fc Chimera
Growth Hormone
Growth Hormone R - Fc Chimera
IFN alpha 2b
IFNAR2 - Fc Chimera
IFN gamma
IFN-gamma R1 - Fc Chimera
IGFBP-3
IL-1ra
IL-1 R1 - Fc Chimera
IL-2
IL-2 R alpha - Fc Chimera
IL-2 R beta - Fc Chimera
IL-2 R gamma - Fc Chimera
IL-3
IL-3 R alpha - Fc Chimera
IL-4
IL-4 R alpha (148aa) - Fc Chimera
IL-4 R alpha (207aa) - Fc Chimera
IL-5
IL-5 R alpha (308aa) - Fc Chimera
IL-5 R alpha (322aa) - Fc Chimera
IL-6
IL-7 R alpha - Fc Chimera
IL-8
IL-10
IL-10 R alpha - Fc Chimera
IL-12
L-Selectin - Fc Chimera
Leptin
Lymphotoxin-alpha
MC-148 - Fc Chimera
M-CSF R - Fc Chimera
MCP-1/CCL2
MIP-1 alpha/CCL3
MIP-1 beta/CCL4
NGF R (209 aa) - Fc Chimera
NGF R (222 aa) - Fc Chimera
Noggin
NT-3
Oncostatin M
Ox40 - Fc Chimera
SCF
SCF R - Fc Chimera
SCF sR
TGF-beta 1
TGF-beta RII - Fc Chimera
Thrombopoietin
TNF-alpha
TNF-beta
TNF RI - Fc Chimera
TNF RII - Fc Chimera
TRAIL R1 - Fc Chimera
TRAIL R2 - Fc Chimera
Transferrin
TrkA - Fc Chimera
TrkB - Fc Chimera
TrkC - Fc Chimera
VEGF-121
VEGF-165
VEGF-C

Apollo's AccuKine^TM
ELISA Kits

G-CSF ELISA Kit
GM-CSF ELISA Kit
IL-2 ELISA Kit
IL-3 ELISA Kit
IL-4 ELISA Kit
IL-6 ELISA Kit
IL-10 ELISA Kit
Lymphotoxin-alpha ELISA Kit
TNF-alpha ELISA Kit
TNF-beta ELISA Kit
VEGF-165 ELISA Kit

HCX Proteins in Stem Cell Research

Erythropoietin (EPO) is the primary regulator of the survival, proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitors. Recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) is used to treat anaemia, resulting from cancer or chemotherapy, kidney disease, infection or inflammation.

Like many other cytokines, native rhEPO is heavily glycosylated, with up to 35% of its molecular weight consisting of N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. Until recently the only commercially available rhEPO was purified from Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells.

It is becoming apparent that species-specific post-translational modifications, particularly glycosylation, are pivotal to protein function.

Apollo set out to determine whether human cell expressed rhEPO (EPO hcx™) promotes erythroid development of human CD34⁺ stem cells more effectively than commercially available non-human cell expressed rhEPO (expressed in CHO cells).

The results of the study demonstrated:

• EPO hcx™, possessing human cell specific glycosylation, promotes greater erythroid differentiation of human CD34⁺ stem cells compared to non-human cell expressed rhEPO.
• The enhanced activity of EPO hcx™ in vitro may translate to more effective in vivo activity, thereby improving current therapeutic applications.

See full poster >>

Apollo enters supply agreement with Millipore

Apollo will use its proprietary human cell-expressed (hcx™) protein technology to produce human LIF for sale by Millipore under Apollo's hcx™ trademark. The company's first supply of LIF hcx™ to Millipore is scheduled to occur later this month.

New proteins

We are constantly adding new proteins and ELISA kits to our unique range. The following proteins are now available on our website and more will be coming soon. If you are interested in proteins not yet on our product list, please contact us with details about the protein and your requirements.

Conference Schedule

We had some really great feedback at the Drug Discovery & Development meeting in Boston in August and are looking forward to meeting more of you at the upcoming conferences. Come and have a chat and we can talk to you more about our proteins and their potential for your research.

If you'd like to make an appointment with our team, please email us at
contact@apollocytokineresearch.com

For more information on any of the articles introduced in this newsletter, please refer to our website.